"The Belt and Road Initiative: A Eurasian Road"
Alexander Dugin (b. 1962) is a Russian philosopher and activist. As a founder of the Russian Geopolitical School and the Eurasian Movement, Dugin is considered as one of the most important exponents of modern Russian conservative thought in the line of slavophiles. He earned his PhD in Sociology, in Political sciences, and also in Philosophy. During six years (2008 – 2014), he was the head of the Department of Sociology of International Relations in Sociological Faculty of Moscow State University. His publications include more than sixty books such as Foundations of Geopolitics, Fourth Political Theory, Theory of Multipolar World, Noomakhia (24 volumes), Ethnosociology. The influence of Dugin’s thought on modern day Russia (including political leaders) is recognized by not only his followers but also his philosophical and political opponents. His ideas are sometimes judged controversial or nonconformist but almost all agree that they are inspiring and original. E-mail: dugin@rossia3.ru
"We need to liberate ourselves, all the peoples, Turkish people, Russian people, Chinese people, European people, American peoples, from this international liberal swamp. We need to liberate ourselves from the totalitarian discourse constructed on the 'self-evident' dogma that only liberalism can be accepted as a universal ideology, that only Western values should be assimilated as something universal. With the growth of China and Putin’s insistence on defending and strengthening Russian sovereignty, the Belt & Road Initiative was transformed into something new in the last two years. It now represents a strategy to secure Chinese and Russian independence, working together, in alliance. Now, we can speak about the Russian-Chinese alliance as a geopolitical alliance opposed to the Atlanticist world order. Nation-states cannot independently establish, secure and keep real sovereignty. We need to oppose this global pressure together. Above all, on the present stage, we need to establish a multipolar alliance between all the powers, all the states, all the countries and civilizations fighting for their independence. That is the logical continuation of decolonization. Decolonization is not finished; it has just started."
Alexander Dugin answers the questions of Fikret Akfırat, Editor-in-Chief of BRIQ.
Fikret Akfırat: The July 19 edition of the global liberal system, clearly under the leadership
Turkish newspaper Milliyet features an op-ed of the West. That is the way it all unfolds. It is a
by United Nations Secretary-General Anto- kind of liberal hegemony doubled by geopolitical
nio Guterres, where he expresses the following unipolarity. So, the crisis is caused by Western lib-
view: “Above all, we cannot return to the sys- eralism and the unipolar Western system.
tem that has caused the current crisis. What We are all in some sense “the West”. In a
we need is to build a better system that allows sense, the modern western liberal civilization was
for the growth of societies and economies with a path to follow for all other societies. And I think
that the problem with this present-day crisis is greater sustainability, inclusivity, and gender precisely the direct consequence of the imposequality”. What kind of a New World Order do sibility to overcome the coronavirus on a global you think humanity needs? What is to be done scale through the western-liberal international to achieve such a goal? institutions that have proved utterly ineffective.
Alexander Dugin: I think that these are This economic crisis, the fall of general de-
purely senseless words. Not real thoughts. The mand, the crash of oil prices and the beginning
current crisis is a logical result of the decay of the of a real civil war in the US, represent a clear sign
of the end of the western-centred world. It is a The Crisis of Unipolar System
double-faced crisis. On one side, we see liberal- The crisis, which we are speaking of, is precisely ism as a historical social vision, as a philosophy. the crisis of this unipolar geopolitical/ideological It is not only economic liberalism, the defense of system. When United Nations Secretary-General free market or political liberal democracy, par- Guterres says that “we should build a better sysliamentarianism and so on. It is also the metatem” and immediately after refers to the “growth physical understanding of the nature of humanof societies and economies”, he rests totally inkind as a mass of individuals. For liberalism, the side the liberal paradigm. Economic growth is man is equal to the individual. That is the basis the key measure to define the success of ecoof all liberal ideology as well as progress, undernomic activity in liberal theory. The concept of stood as accumulation of liberty. More and more economic growth is thus purely liberal. That is liberty, more and more progress in the eyes of the system we already have. But Guterres, just liberals themselves is just the same as the proone line before, affirmed that “we need to build a gress and growth of liberalism. With this growth better system”. Guterres proposes to cure the criof liberalism, the West affirmed its own hegemosis, created by liberalism, with more liberalism, ny, its own domination. with “more growth of economy” On the other In order to be more modern, developed and hand, the concept of “greater sustainability” is prosperous you are obliged to be more liberal, the thesis developed by the Club of Rome1. The more liberal democratic, to have more open sovery idea of sustainable development is promotciety, more civil society. In that global context, ed by left liberalism and it means that the rich the West itself has secured or thought to secure should take care of the poor in order to avoid for itself a kind of leading role, a pattern to folproletarian revolutions and all kinds of social low. The history of the West is presumed to be protests. That is the Fabian society2 style of politequivalent to the universal destiny of humanity. ical agenda. Finally, the same Club of Rome who On this ideological level liberalism is thought of pretended to promote sustainable development as a necessary universal ideology that must be insisted on the reduction of human population adopted by all. If you resist you will be put among on the planet, stressing the limits of growth. So “rogue countries” with all the consequences, war Guterres should choose either economic growth and regime change operations. (the classical liberal thesis) or the Club of Rome’s The political ideology of globalist liberalism brand of sustainability. is paired with other aspects, with the geopolitical, economic and political leadership of West-
ern countries and above all that of the US. So, Liberal anti-racism itself is Western-
we have on one side ideological unipolarity with centric and profoundly racist.
the domination of liberals. On the other side, we The Other for the West belongs
have the geopolitical, military, political, strategic to its own unconsciousness. It is
and economical unipolarity of the West. pathogenic and pathological.
1 Editor’s Note (Ed. N.). Founded in Italy in 1968, the Club of Rome is a think tank.
2 Ed. N. The Fabian Society is a UK-based movement that seeks to achieve the principle what they call "democratic socialism"
through incremental and reform, rather than revolutionary methods.
Next point: inclusivity. The main problem need more liberalism for economic growth, and
with inclusivity is the fact that Western culture at the same time we need to impose more lim-
cannot imagine an “Other” outside of itself. The its on economic growth in line with the Club of
Western Cartesian subject3 considers the “Oth- Rome’s concept of sustainability, more inclusivi-
er” as its own unconsciousness. According to ty of the unconscious Other (that means we need
Lacan4, it is some entity, some unconscious sub- a more ego-centric, western-centric racism, that
ject5 that lives inside the Western man. So, when totally absorbs its own psychic diseases – capi-
we speak about inclusivity with western man, he talist neurosis or post-modernist psychosis) and
naturally means precisely this kind of inclusiv- we need to destroy the gender. The words of UN
ity – i.e. concerning his own unconscious self. Secretary-General, Guterres, are thus extremely
This psychoanalysis helps us to understand why senseless and deeply contradictory. That is an
idiotic speech of someone who does not unthe West is so deeply racist. It is racist including derstand a bit of the meaning of the concept of when it obliges all to fight racism – it is obligatowords. People like that try to build a better sysry because of the fact the West itself has decided tem based on the premises of the existing one. to do that… So liberal anti-racism itself is West- How can one cure liberalism in decay with more ern-centric and profoundly racist. The Other for liberalism, adding with elements of Deleuzian6 the West belongs to its own unconsciousness. It far-left post-modernism and cyberfeminism7? is pathogenic and pathological. Finally, gender equality, which is perhaps the most senseless point. To obtain to real gender equality, we need to destroy the gender as such. Because the relations between man and woman are based on asymmetry, i.e. precisely on the absence of the equality, on the non-equality, and non-equivalence, to use the terms of Jacques Lacan. To proclaim gender equality is to destroy man and woman as such. It was realistically described in the “Cyborg manifesto” of the famous modern feminist Donna Haraway.
So, what do we have in Guterres’ statement UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres. Headquarters
of the UN / New York. (Xinhua, 2020Xinhua (2020). The source article does not provide a separate full bibliographic entry for this citation.) that “We need the better system” That means we
3 Ed.N. It is the philosophy of Descartes, based on the thinking self. And it is also associated with his dictum "I think, therefore
I am".
4 Ed.N. Jacques Lacan was a French psychoanalyst and psychiatrist.
5 Ed.N. According to the psychoanalytic theory, the unconscious mind is a structure that is deeper than the conscious mind, in
an invisible region, that is related to any mental content or process that the individual is not aware of. According to Lacan, the unconscious mind is the personal history that determines the life of a person, it is a kind of memory, and is the consciousness that the person is not aware of.
6 Ed.N. The French postmodern thinker, Gilles Deleuze suggests that everything is different, no two things are the same, so
there is no identity.
7 Ed.N. It is the feminist approach with regard to the relationship between women and technology, particularly between wo-
men and internet.
same approach. We need real alternatives to
The problem is not Guterres, Guterres, to the United Nations, to liberalism,
personally. The problem is the to western modern technological civilization. It
global liberal elite desperately is the civilization of hell. We need to find the
insisting on curing all the logical way out of it, not to go deeper in it. disasters and crises proceeding from liberalism with more liberalism, The Belt & Road Initiative:
mixed with extravagant post- United Eurasianist Initiative
modernist concepts. Fikret Akfırat: Your portrayal of Eurasia
It follows that we need to mix liberalism with and Eurasianism connotes something more than
elements of Fabianism, anarchism and cultural a mere geographical description. It also extends
Marxism. To hear Guterres is the same as to be to the political alliance of all those opposed to
put in some psychiatric clinic. What he describes the Atlanticist world order. In this regard, how
is the symptom, not correctly formulating the would you interpret the China-proposed Belt &
problem or speaking of a diagnosis or cure. Road Initiative from a Eurasianist perspective?
The problem is not Guterres, personally. The Alexander Dugin: The Belt & Road Initia-
problem is the global liberal elite desperately in- tive had started as a kind of Atlanticist project,
sisting on curing all the logical disasters and crises conceived by the Chinese elite with the help
proceeding from liberalism with more liberalism, of American globalists. Initially, the idea was
mixed with extravagant post-modernist concepts. to create a direct tie between China and West-
I think we are already in this new world or- ern Europe, linking together all coastal areas in
der if we follow the description of Guterres. If order to avoid Russia, to encircle it and cut its
we understand the new world order as the con- access to the warm seas. This is traditional geo-
tinuation of liberal globalization, we need not to politics of Atlanticists. The Belt & Road Initiative
improve and embellish it, but instead to get out started precisely as such. China considered it a
of it, get rid of it – of all these idiots: Guterres, very good opportunity to develop and secure its
United Nations officials, and global liberal elites. markets as well as to promote its own political
They try to cure us with poison, to cure all the cri- and economic interests outside of China. West-
ses made by domination of liberal ideology with ern globalist elites supported that, because the
more liberalism. We need to liberate ourselves, all project excluded Russia.
But many things have changed in recent the people, Turkish people, Russian people, Chiyears. First, China became so powerful, so indenese people, European people, American peoples, pendent, so sovereign that it began to represent a from this international liberal Swamp. new challenge to the globalists themselves, to the We need to liberate ourselves from the West. China became the second pole. Observing
totalitarian discourse constructed on the China becoming more and more independent,
“self-evident” dogma that only liberalism can a part of the globalist/western elite started to
be accepted as a universal ideology, that only oppose China. We see this with Huawei, with
Western values should be assimilated as some- Trump’s campaign to get all Chinese assets out
thing universal. They try to improve technical of the US, with the mutual closure of consulates
functional problems of their system with the in USA and in China. We see economic war with
Cooperation Is the First Against
Little by little China came to Atlanticist Globalization,
the conclusion that Russia is to Rivalry Is Secondary
be included in the Belt & Road
Initiative, making it a united Fikret Akfırat: Many of your publications
Eurasianist initiative. So, the point to the need for Russia to cooperate with
whole project started to become a China, Turkey and Iran against Atlanticist glo-
“Eurasian road”. balization. However, there are also those, from
various circles, who argue against your view
China. These changes have reshaped the Belt & that: “Historically speaking, Russia, Turkey,
Road Initiative in a new geopolitical context. Iran and China are geopolitical rivals. They
Little by little China came to the concluall possess contradicting national interests and sion that Russia is to be included in the Belt & geostrategic goals.” How can one accommodate Road Initiative, making it a united Eurasianist these countries’ interests and reconcile their diinitiative. So, the whole project started to be-
come a “Eurasian road”. Initially it was con- verging goals?
ceived as an Atlanticist project, trying to encir- Alexander Dugin: Every State, taken as
cle with a “cordon sanitaire”8 – in geopolitics a such, is a rival to other States. That is the very
“cordon sanitaire “ is viewed as an important foundation of the Nation-State, an egoistic and tool to separate Russia from neighboring counrealistic attitude. So, from the realist point of tries – but with the growth of China and Puview, rivalry, competition and conflicts are altin’s insistence on defending and strengthening
Russian sovereignty, the Belt & Road Initiative ways possible. We could never exclude them a
was transformed into something new in the last priori. They are a logical consequence of the very
two years. It now represents a strategy to secure principle of sovereignty.
Chinese and Russian independence, working On the other hand, Atlanticist globalization
together, in alliance. That was confirmed by a and Western hegemony are not a realist paradigm
recent Russian and Chinese agreement. at all. Liberalism insists that western values, the
So, the meaning of the Belt & Road Initi- western system should dominate the world and
ative has drastically changed and we can now that all national countries, nation-states should recspeak about the Russian-Chinese alliance as a ognize international organizations led by liberals, geopolitical alliance opposed to the Atlanticist as higher authorities. Liberalism in International world order, to its unipolarity.
Initially the BRI was supported by the West, Relations is precisely the idea that each country
but now, it is rather under attack. The West tries should overcome its national interests and follow a
to use Japan and India in order to reduce the liberal agenda. Otherwise, liberals affirm that there
importance of the project, and even by trying to will be war. Using the argument of rivalry, liberals
directly sabotage it sometimes. try to impose their own rule on all countries.
8 Ed.N. The concept of "Cordon sanitaire" (security belt) was coined by the French Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau at the
end of the First World War. Russia lost its western region, including Ukraine, Poland, Finland, and Belarus, with the Brest-Litovsk (1918) agreement signed at the end of the First World War. This region was seen by the West as a "shield" between Soviet communism and Western capitalism, and was referred to as a "security belt" in the interwar period.
The Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation Beijing. (Xinhua, 2020)
When states such as Russia, Turkey, Iran of geopolitical Eurasian alliance, a multipolar al-
and China wanted to oppose this liberal pres- liance in order to liberate all countries from this
sure, to this model of globalization led by the Atlanticist globalization, resisting the pressure
West, they initially failed to rely only on the re- of liberal hegemony.
alist paradigm – competing with each other or Russia alone could not play the role of an
trying to avoid liberalism alone. That strategy to alternative pole to globalization and neither can
secure sovereignty is doomed. China, not to mention Turkey and Iran who are
regional powers. They are very strong, but regional. I think that only by working together can Rus- Russia, Turkey, Iran, China and other sia, Turkey, China, Iran and other great countries countries including India, Pakistan
and many other Arab countries, establish a truly multipolar world order.
African countries, and Europe Currently, we are still in a unipolar world or-
itself can secure real independence der. People like Guterres, when they are recogniz-
only by way of creating a kind of ing today’s growing problems, are still in the same
geopolitical Eurasian alliance, a globalist liberal unipolar hegemonic paradigm.
multipolar alliance. They still think in terms of a unipolar world.
Alone we could not put an end to unipo-
No single nation-state can effectively resist larity. When there is a unipolar liberal world or-
the Atlanticist globalization alone. Russia, Tur- der, there is no real sovereignty for nation-states.
key, Iran, China and other countries including Nation-states cannot independently establish,
India, Pakistan and many other Arab countries, secure and keep real sovereignty. We need to
African countries, and Europe itself can secure oppose this global pressure together. Maybe,
real independence only by way of creating a kind Turkey, Russia, Iran and China are geopolitical
rivals, but that is of secondary importance. We First, on the present stage, we need to estab-
need to put this rivalry to the side. lish a multipolar alliance between all the powers,
There is a more pressing conflict. It is pre- all the states, all the countries and civilizations
cisely that either the global world order will re- fighting for their independence. Independence
main unipolar with some adjustment or that it and real sovereignty, geopolitical sovereign-
will be multipolar and full scale multipolarity will ty should be obtained first and only afterwards
arrive. If we live in a multipolar world order with- should we speak of geopolitical rivalries. But for
out any unique hegemon, we could exit this liber- globalist liberals, the picture is quite opposite.
al agenda and also the domination of liberalism They say “Russia! You are a Christian country
and all its ideological impositions: human rights, different from Islamic Turkey. Turkey! You are a
individualism, technological development, and Sunni country and you, Iran is Shiite country. So,
all of you should fight among yourselves. China! artificial intelligence. You are a great economic power: you can beat Now we are in front of a choice that will seal Russia, which is economically weak but military our destiny. If we choose multipolarity on the dangerous and so on”. They try to divide and rule. ideological level, this means that neither human We need to unite and to create a new pararights nor gender or other equality nor technodigm of the global world order based on multipological development will be considered anymore larity and we should do that together. Only then as obligatory for everybody. Everybody will be can we evaluate balances, interests and eventualfree to follow its own values: Russia could follow ly certain disagreements. I think we could easily its own traditions. Turkey, China and Iran, all agree on cooperation instead of rivalry.
these countries can follow their own traditions Yes, we have some different and sometimes
and pursuit their interests. contradictory interests and geostrategic goals,
Only after creating and securing a multipo- but we could always find a kind of solution when
lar world order could we speak about geopolitical there is no direct involvement of Western liber-
rivalry between these countries and great civili- al hegemony. We could somehow manage these
zations – not before. If we stress this inter-state ri- contradictions.
valry, all of them being under attack by globalism, For example, Russian and Turkish military
Atlanticism and western hegemony will win and troops are patrolling together in the North-East-
we will fail. Consequently, we will go deeper into ern part of Syria. That doesn’t prevent us from
western liberal hegemony. Now this hegemony is having some disagreements on the issue of Lib-
in deep crisis and that is a great opportunity for all ya or Idlib, but nevertheless we are overcoming
of us, to get out of this, to step aside when it dies. these local problems. So, we could repeat that
approach in many situations. But when there is a third power, US or globalists, they immediate- First, on the present stage, we
need to establish a multipolar ly create new points of conflicts. With them all
alliance between all the powers, conflicts seem to be inevitable, but without them
all the states, all the countries we almost always find solutions. I think that
and civilizations fighting for their sometimes having divergent goals does not can-
independence. cel the necessity to create a geopolitical alliance
between Russia, Turkey, Iran and China in order We already have more than two poles, in-
to promote a multipolar world order. Only after cluding the West, obviously: the USA and NATO
could we concentrate on solving our secondary States. China is almost a perfect one and Russia
problems. Not before. is another, very powerful both militarily and ge-
opolitically. There is also the West. We see at the same time that the Western pole, which was recently unique and most powerful, now is in a very deep crisis. It is still greater and more powerful than China and Russia, but not more powerful than the Russian and Chinese poles taken together. The US is much more powerful than China or Russia separately, but summing up the powers of Russia and China, the equation is somehow different. That creates a global situation where everything depends on the Russian-Chinese alliance. That is the key factor. If this alliance will manage to go on, to develop, there will very soon Soldiers take part in the joint patrol of Turkish and
Russian troops in Idlib. (Mustafa Kaya/ Xinhua) be full-scale multipolarity.
With the Russian-China alliance, we get a
Russian-China Alliance for multipolar world order. This multipolar world
A Multipolar World Order order will provide Iran and Turkey as well as
other Islamic countries with the opportunity to Fikret Akfırat: What is the role of Russia, build an Islamic civilization. It is up to Turkey, to Turkey, Iran, and China in building a multipo- Iran, to Arab countries, to Pakistan, to all oth-
lar world order, taken individually as well as in er Islamic societies to find the form for it. There
terms of their relationships among themselves? may be different centers of powers, some unit-
Alexander Dugin: Today we see that out- ed structures, or maybe various spheres such
side of the Western world: we already have two as Shiite, Sunni, Arab and so on. That will be a
alternatives, almost fully formed poles, not yet kind of composed pole – differentiated ideolog-
totally complete, not yet totally perfect but al- ically, religiously, psychologically and so on. But
ready something very concrete. I mean China I think that Muslim society is ready for that, in
and Russia. spite of many divergencies and rivalries.
Economically speaking, China is already a But without Russia and China, I think
pole; in strategic terms, it is growing at a very that the Islamic pole cannot be created: Islam-
high speed and I think it will soon become real ic countries are too weak and too divergent for
and a totally independent pole in all senses. that. Today, there are too many contradictions
We also have Russia, which is economical- that prevent the Islamic world from uniting and
ly weak in relative terms, but is rich natural re- representing a real alternative pole to the West-
sources. The decisive argument is its huge nucle- ern one. Islamic society, Islamic civilization very
ar military power. Russia is almost a pole. badly needs Russia and China, not because of
& Road Initiative project, which present themselves as a symptom of this multipolarity. I think that Islamic civilization is another other symptom, whose main representatives are Iran and Turkey as well as the Arab world. I think that we are approaching the moment of the real multipolarity and that is precisely what the unipolar political liberal globalist elites do not desire. They try to find ways to avoid this necessity. Nobody among them could accept multipolarity because that would be the end for their ideological, economic, strategical,
The national flags of China and Russia are seen on Red political, cultural and diplomatic domination.
Square. (Xinhua, 2020Xinhua (2020). The source article does not provide a separate full bibliographic entry for this citation.) They will lose their dominant position in education, in culture, in technology and so on. Now,
Christianity or a Chinese form of national com- the course of history is still somehow controlled
munism but rather for their geopolitical power by the West, but Western elites understand more
that can counterbalance the Western powers. and more that the West cannot lead the world
The Russian-Chinese alliance is the key element, anymore. They try to transmit this mission to
central to creating a multipolar world order. But Artificial Intelligence. They can use the other
I think that Islamic civilization –as well as India, tricks or – very probable – start new wars or pro-
Latin America and maybe Africa– should play a mote color revolutions.
very important role in that. I think that life on earth is now at stake.
Human nature itself is about to be replaced by some kind of post-human, post-living species.
Now, everything starts with China That is the real goal of the globalist world order.
and Russia as well as the Belt & We need to understand it clearly and we need to
Road Initiative which present resist against that threat in order to save humanthemselves as a symptom of this ity from this coming plague, because the libermultipolarity. I think that Islamic al post-modern West became a kind of plague civilization is another symptom,
whose main representatives are for the civilization, for all of us, for Russians, for
Iran and Turkey as well as the Arab Chinese, Iranians, Turks and for everybody else.
world. Western Civilization Tries to Involve All
If the current unipolarity is collapses along of Humanity in This Process of Suicide
withthe hegemonic liberal world order, other Fikret Akfırat: In one of your articles,
civilizations, other types of societies could find where you evaluate Samuel Huntington’s “clash
the opportunity to affirm themselves as new and of civilizations”, you argue: “If there must be a
independent, sovereign poles. Now, everything ‘clash’ of civilizations, it has to be a clash be-
starts with China and Russia as well as the Belt tween the West and the ‘rest of the world’. And
Eurasianism is the political formula which
suits this ‘rest’.” You also emphasized the need Western civilization, Islamic
civilization, Chinese civilization, for mobilizing a united front of civilizations Indian civilization and many others against globalism, which you portray as the have long coexisted. The problem
common enemy. How do you define points of di- began with modernity, with the
vergence between the Western civilization and so-called era of geographical
the rest of the world? discoveries, with colonization.
Alexander Dugin: First of all, we need to ages all civilizations were more or less the same. develop a deeper understanding of what West- Western civilization, Islamic civilization, Chiern civilization really is. Western civilization was nese civilization, Indian civilization and many born when the West cut ties with its real tradiothers coexisted. The problem began with motional values. Western civilization is based on an dernity, with the so-called era of geographical act of castration or suicide. The West has cut its ties discoveries, with colonization. The modern West with Christianity, with Greco-Roman culture.9
With the Enlightenment, the West entered started to occupy the planet, conquering all of
a totally artificial civilization based on wrong humanity. The problem is the modern Western
ideas – such as progress, materialism, technolo- civilization that has created a kind of asymmetry
gy, capitalism, selfishness and atheism. That was between the Master and the Slave (as Hegel put
the Enlightenment – Luciferian pride,10 the war it in his “Phenomenology of Spirit”). The Master
against the Heaven. That coincides with Western was the modern West. All the humanity, all the
colonial expansion. Colonialism was a kind of Rest was considered to the Slave and the tool of
projection of the same disease on the global scale. total domination was precisely material power.
No civilization concentrated so much effort on That was a great catastrophe.
the material aspect of life as the West. The Chi- That Western expansion in the era of great
nese discovered the powder long ago but used it geographical discoveries has destroyed the frag-
in order to make beautiful fireworks. It was a kind ile balance between civilizations. This racist, co-
of cultural and artist phenomena. When Europe- lonial, imperialist nature of the West still exists
ans discovered the same gunpowder, they started in this century. Liberalism, an idea of univer-
immediately to kill each other and all other peo- sality of so-called human rights, gender equal-
ples. Western hegemony is based on disease so we ity and other stupidities are elements of a new
should recognize the Western civilization of mo- version of the same racist, colonial, imperialist
dernity as the pathology. ideology. The West tries to impose its own val-
Modernity is the problem, not the Western ues as something universal including when they
Antiquity or Middle Ages. During the Middle criticize their own past.
9 It refers the mixture of the ancient Greek and the Roman culture. 10 Lucifer is a name, generally used for describing the Devil. Luciferianism is an atheistic philosophy of recognizing Lucifer, name of the Devil before being expelled from the paradise, as a symbol. They believe that people should make their own way by themselves and they reject to believe in god or any imaginary creature. The war against angels seems as a rebellion of Lucifer together with some angels against the god. It is believed that the angel Michael, one of four main archangles, sent rebellious angels away from the paradise and therefore Lucifer is also recognized as a fallen angel. In Islamic mythology, Lucifer is known as Iblis, Harut or Marut.
Modernity began with criticism of Europe’s And now, we experience the next wave of
past and present. Post-modernity tries once colonization. We are colonized with Western
more to cut the ties, this time with Moderni- patterns, with Western technologies, with West-
ty just like the way modernity has done with ern values, with Western democracies, with
pre-modernity, with the classical medieval phase Western market procedures, with Western edu-
in Western history. It is not new; it is a continua- cation, with Western politics of so called “liberal
tion of the long-lasting suicide but Western civ- democracy”. All that is imposed on us as some-
ilization tries to involve all of humanity in this thing universal, but this is pure ethnocentrism.
process of suicide. Now, this Western civilization is in clash
with all others who do not recognize themselves within Western destiny, Western history. That is the crucial moment. It is not only the manifestation of mere secondary differences between civilizations. Before the beginning of expansion of the modern West on the global scale, there were different civilizations that co-existed – more or less peacefully and harmoniously. I agree that there were some conflicts and wars and so on, but they were more or less local. The real genocidal war arrived with modernity when humans started to use technology in order to exterminate each other. Migrants and refugees, wanted to cross into Greece are seen behind a wired fence. (Dimitri Tosidis/ Xinhua, 2020Dimitri Tosidis/ Xinhua (2020). The source article does not provide a separate full bibliographic entry for this citation.) Nihilism of Modern Western
This homicide, killing of the Other, trans- Civilization
forming it into a “lesser self ” is precisely what But pacifism is illogical. To dream of a world
the modern liberal globalist West brings to all without wars is the same as to dream of man
other peoples. But it is evident that the Rest, without humanity. It is possible only in a total-
all non-Western civilizations, reject this patho- ly inhuman society. War is very bad; we need to
logical Western liberalism along with LGBT+ avoid it but war is always possible. We need to
norms, the pretended optionality of the gen- reduce its probability but not to try to destroy
ders, this techno-centric, highly anti-humanist war as such because in order to do that, we
or post-humanist ways of developing technolo- would need to destroy humanity itself. I think
gy and industry, this intolerant and totalitarian that the real divergence is not so much between
“cancel culture”. Western civilization and the rest of the world
All the (non-Western) Rest that has its own but between modern Western civilization and
civilizational basin should be united against the rest of the world. That is the real divergence
globalism. That is the logical continuation of between two fundamental kinds of civilization.
decolonization. Decolonization is not finished; Modern Western civilization in its present glo-
it has just started. balist liberal stage is in reality an anti-Western,
completely nihilistic kind of civilization. It has some Internet cancel culture activists will say.
destroyed its own identity and tries to destroy Nobody cares: their opinion can signify some-
the identities of others in the same way. thing only in their zones of influences – strictly
But to fight against post-modern Western inside the West.
civilization, we have many allies in the West be- The Western liberals are free to judge their
cause not all Western people share the same lib- own society; we could judge our own. The Rest
eral ideology, the perverted and morbid values of should now come to the final clash. But this clash
the global liberal elite. There are protests against against Huntington will not be between civiliza-
these elites, the rise of populism, the growth of tions but between a civilization that still pretends
the revolutionary populist movement. Trump to impose its own historically and geographical-
himself is the symptom of these anti-globalist ly limited values and foundations, principles as
tendencies growing inside of American society. something universal, and the World that con-
I think that we need deep analysis of the ori- sists of multiple civilizations.
gins of modern Western civilization. Critical de- We should put an end to the expansion of
construction of the present stage of the civiliza- Western liberal globalization and reduce the
tion will lead us to the clear conclusions that we West to its due space. Afterwards we should be-
need. The deconstruction in question does not gin the mission of Renaissance, reconstruction,
mean total destruction of Western civilization, and reformation of our destiny. And from that
Renaissance we can deduce the necessary clash but rather reduction of its universalist pretenbetween reborn civilizations. They could prostions to realist proportions, to natural historical per and develop based on dialogue, cooperation, limits. We need to reduce the West to its organic and mutual recognition, without necessarily fosborders. It is just one of the many regions of hutering conflict. There is only one real clash of civmanity – nothing but a Province. ilizations that is inevitable: the clash of humanity The Rest should defend and resurrect and this aggressive, today liberal but always racthe plural identities proper to non-Western ist West. regions, to other Provinces of humanity. We
should restore and develop our own traditions - Fikret Akfırat: Thank you very much for
Islamic traditions, Chinese traditions, Russian your time, Dr. Dugin. Is there anything else that
traditions, Christian traditions, without any you would like to add?
regard for what the liberal human rights activ- Alexander Dugin: I have nothing else to
ists of Soros or color revolution promoters or add. Thank you for your attention.
