Introduction of China's energy development and energy utilization
With the deepening of China's energy revolution, the models. It is not only the change and transformation
goal of “carbon peak and carbon neutrality" is pushed of energy in the traditional sense but also the
forward, and the new energy system and industrial reconstruction of the whole energy structure, energy
system with the core values of building green, low- consumption structure, and industrial structure,
carbon, clean, environmental protection, safety and alongside socio-economic development and the
efficiency are advancing steadily. Hydrogen energy, development of a green, low-carbon society.
as a secondary energy source with rich reserves, is Combined with national support and guidance for
of great significance in reducing the proportion of developing the hydrogen energy industry, Shanghai
traditional fossil sources, improving the application has intervened in the field of the hydrogen energy
level of clean energy, optimizing the industrial energy industry and fuel cell development. This has
structure, and constructing a safe and reliable energy creatively promoted the coordinated development
supply. The development of the hydrogen energy of the whole hydrogen energy industry chain,
industry aims to promote the strategic transformation especially in fuel cell development and vehicle
* The text retrieved from Qikan website (http://qikan.cqvip.com/Qikan/Article/Detail?id=7105396768), translated from Chinese to English by
Onurcan Balcı.
How to cite: Expert Committee of Shanghai Energy Conversation Comission (2022Shanghai Jiading WeChat account (2022). The source article does not provide a separate full bibliographic entry for this citation.). Practice and 75
development of the hydrogen energy industry in Shanghai, Belt & Road Initiative Quarterly (BRIQ), 3(3), 75-87.
applications. According to the “Competitiveness The practice and development of the
ranking of China's hydrogen energy cities” recently hydrogen energy industry is an important
released by relevant authorities, Shanghai ranks way to realize energy revolution
first in the competitiveness ranking of China's Hydrogen energy, a clean, flexible, and efficient hydrogen energy cities with high competition and secondary energy with a wide range of reserves and development potential. From the perspective of rich application scenarios, can lead an energy reform, overall development, Shanghai's hydrogen energy cope with climate change, and promote the large-scale industry has the advantages of hydrogen energy development of renewable energy in Shanghai. It is the resources, first-mover advantage, manufacturing best choice to realize large-scale deep decarbonization technology, and a combination of university and in other areas such as transportation and the research activities. construction industry. It is also an important way to realize the next energy revolution. Hydrogen energy, a clean and The practice and development of the efficient secondary energy with hydrogen energy industry is an important a wide range of reserves and rich means to enhance future competitiveness application scenarios, can lead
an energy reform and cope with As the main production base of China's automobile
climate change. manufacturing, Shanghai is also the pioneer of China's
fuel cell vehicle technology research and development industry. The importance of the hydrogen energy Significance of the development of the industry is comparable to that of today's large aircraft, hydrogen energy industry in Shanghai high-speed rail, and artificial intelligence industries. We should plan for its usage combined with the The practice and development of the requirements of Shanghai's transformation and hydrogen energy industry is an important
measure to practice ecological civilization development and take advantage of the opportunity
of hydrogen energy development to continuously
As a clean energy source, hydrogen energy can improve Shanghai's core competitiveness.
effectively reduce environmental pollution caused The practice and development of the hydrogen by fossil fuels. The development of the hydrogen energy industry is an important driving force energy industry is an important step toward energy for strengthening green industry conservation, emission reduction, and cross-border
ecological civilization. Through the practice and Developing hydrogen energy and fuel cells can
development of the hydrogen energy industry, we can expand Shanghai's green and low-carbon industry.
build a diversified energy supply system dominated by Hydrogen has a wide range of applications. It can be
clean energy in Shanghai and guide the transportation used in daily energy consumption, transportation,
industry. Deep decarbonization of industry, buildings, construction, and many other fields. It can be
and other energy consumption terminals and achieving directly used in production, such as refining and
the goal of "Carbon peak and Carbon neutrality" are metallurgy, to reduce carbon emissions. Fuel cell
important measures to practice President Xi’s goal of technology can also be applied to automobiles,
ecological civilization. rail, and ships to reduce the dependence of long-
distance and high load transportation on oil and natural gas. It can also be applied to distributed power generation to supply energy for settlements and commercial properties. As an emerging industry, from production, storage, and transportation to the downstream application of the energy industry chain, hydrogen spans many fields such as energy, materials, and equipment manufacturing, and high-end manufacturing industries involving important materials and key parts. It can effectively drive the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries to create a new green, low-carbon industrial chain. Exterior view of The New SHPT (Shanghai Hydrogen Propulsion
The practice and development of the Technology) Park. (Zhang Yang / Shanghai)
hydrogen energy industry is an important
direction of international energy Hydrogen energy resources are abundant,
cooperation and the foundation is available
It has become a trend for the international Shanghai is a major refining and chemical production
community to strengthen cooperation and promote base in China, with rich industrial by-product hydrogen
the development of the hydrogen energy industry. and rich resources for hydrogen production. According
Shanghai has rich hydrogen energy resources and to recent statistics, the H2 capacity of 5 gas companies
the first-mover advantage in the hydrogen energy in Shanghai and 2 by-product enterprises can reach
industry. Facing the rapid development momentum 130 thousand tons per year. Considering that 2kg of
of the global hydrogen energy industry and the hydrogen energy is enough to cover the average daily
huge opportunities contained in international usage of vehicles (100km), current production can
cooperation, Shanghai committees should actively theoretically support 180 thousand fuel cell vehicles for
participate in the cooperation and management their daily operations.
mechanisms of the global hydrogen energy industry. The first-mover advantage and leading By taking advantage of the favorable opportunity to technology develop the hydrogen energy industry, Shanghai can
establish and strengthen international cooperation As early as the Tenth Five Year Plan period, Shanghai
mechanisms and grasp the new direction of began to participate in the research and development of
international energy industry cooperation. national fuel cell vehicles and key equipment and was
listed in the "863" project of the Ministry of Science Foundation of the Shanghai hydrogen and Technology. With the support of the project, energy industry Anting Hydrogenation Station, China's first hydrogen
The practice and development of the hydrogen energy station, was built in 2006. At the same time,
energy industry in Shanghai has a good foundation the independent research and development capacity
and conditions, mainly reflected in the following was enlarged. Breakthroughs were made in such fields
three aspects. as membrane electrode assembly (MEA) technology,
integration of hydrogen energy vehicles, fuel cell years. The conditions for promotion and application
technology, high-pressure hydrogen dispensers, are mature and have gradually radiated to the Yangtze
hydrogen power units, and the localization rate of River Delta, driving the regional development of the
hydrogen refueling stations. hydrogen energy industry.
Excellent manufacturing capability and Industrial policy lead development
rich experience Guidance of Planning
Shanghai is an innovator in developing and utilizing Shanghai has been paying attention to the
new energy and a leader in the new energy automobile development and utilization of the hydrogen energy
industry. As a pioneer, the sales volume of fuel cell industry for a long time. As early as the Tenth Five Year
vehicles in 2020 has reached 1050, ranking first in Plan period, Shanghai participated in the national "863"
China. From the "Surpass No. 1" fuel cell vehicle started plan and focused on the scientific and technological
in 2003 to the large-scale mass production of SAIC development of hydrogen energy fuel cells.
Maxus FCV80, Shanghai's fuel cell vehicle technology 1) In September 2017, Shanghai took the lead in
has always been the leader and highest level of fuel cell releasing “Shanghai's fuel cell vehicle development
vehicle technology in China. plan” (hereafter referred to as "the plan"). The plan
specifies that Shanghai will take the development of
Shanghai has formed a relatively fuel cell vehicles as the core in the development and
complete hydrogen energy utilization of hydrogen energy to drive the development
industry chain through the of the hydrogen energy industry.
practice of the hydrogen energy The plan puts forward the overall goal of "Establishing
industry for many years. a domestic leading and international first-class fuel cell
vehicle industrial chain, and building a fuel cell vehicle technology innovation center and industrial base".
Shanghai also has rich experience in The plan also defines the six tasks of building an
demonstration operations. Since 2003, with the application-driven development model, planning the
support of GEF/UNDP (Global Environment construction of hydrogen refueling stations, creating
Facility, The United Nations Development Program), industrial parks, building public service platforms,
Shanghai has successively participated in phase II and implementing major special projects to establish
and III demonstration projects of "Promoting the industrial funds for the development of the Shanghai
commercial development of fuel cell vehicles in hydrogen energy industry.
China". Additionally, the cumulative demonstration 2) In May 2019, the “Yangtze River Delta hydrogen
mileage of various fuel cell vehicles has exceeded 20 corridor construction and development plan” (hereafter
million km. referred to as the "development plan") was released.
The development plan is based on the development The practice of the hydrogen energy conditions of the hydrogen energy industry in the industry in Shanghai Yangtze River Delta. The plan will build the Yangtze
At present, Shanghai has formed a relatively complete River Delta hydrogen corridor into a hydrogen
hydrogen energy industry chain through the promotion infrastructure network internationally to realize the
and practice of the hydrogen energy industry for many coordinated and balanced development of hydrogen
infrastructure and fuel cell vehicles. 3) In November 2020, the Sixth Committee of the Shanghai Economic and Information Technology Commission jointly issued the implementation plan for the Shanghai fuel cell vehicle industry (the implementation period is 2020-2023). By 2023, the aim is to develop Shanghai's fuel cell vehicle industry to reach "100 stations and 100 billion vehicles". More than 30 hydrogenation stations have been completed and are operating. Fifteen buses equipped with hydrogen fuel cell systems In Shanghai, the hydrogenation network is the largest developed by the Jiading district-based Shanghai Hydrogen
in the country, with an output scale of about 100 billion Propulsion Technology Co (SHPT) are delivered to three
Shanghai bus companies. yuan. There are more than 10000 fuel cell vehicles in (Shanghai Jiading WeChat account, 2022Shanghai Jiading WeChat account (2022). The source article does not provide a separate full bibliographic entry for this citation.) Shanghai, and the application scale of hydrogen energy is the greatest in the country. The overall development
level of the fuel cell vehicle industry has reached has been developed in recent years, involving
an international level. Key technologies have been many management departments. In recent years,
mastered independently, innovative products have been Shanghai has actively explored the construction
introduced to the global market, the hydrogen energy and improvement of the hydrogen energy industry
infrastructure has been improved, and the promotion management system.
and application scale has expanded significantly. The formulation of the layout plan of the Shanghai
4) July 2021, the General Office of Shanghai vehicle hydrogenation station has been made. The
Municipal People's Government has announced construction and operation management measures
the 14th five-year plan for developing the advanced of fuel cell vehicle hydrogenation stations have been
manufacturing industry in Shanghai. The plan aimed: taken. Before the relevant management measures
To focus on the application of hydrogen energy and are released, the Shanghai Municipal Commission
fuel cells of Housing and Urban Development and relevant
To realize batch production of key parts such as management departments will approve the project to
power electronic stacks, membrane electrodes, and manage hydrogen infrastructure construction on a
bipolar plates case by case basis.
To achieve an international leading industrial chain To further promote the development of the hydrogen
To promote the efficient storage and transportation energy industry in Shanghai, relevant administrative
of hydrogen departments will further accelerate the construction
To promote the technology research and and layout of hydrogen refueling stations in Shanghai,
development of rapid hydrogen filling and multiple expand the demonstration operations of fuel cell
safety protection vehicles, and study a series of supporting policies for
To accelerate planning of the layout of hydrogen the development of fuel cell vehicle industry.
infrastructure. Shanghai Energy Conservation Association
cooperated with Shanghai Petrochemical Shenneng Improving management and service group, Xinao Gas, Pujiang Gas, and other 32 enterprises
Hydrogen energy is an emerging industry that in the Yangtze River Delta. It also initiated the
establishment of the Yangtze River Delta Hydrogen Shanghai hydrogen energy industry mainly include
Energy Infrastructure Industry Alliance. The alliance the following five aspects.
is committed to bringing comprehensive solutions to The development of hydrogen energy is hydrogen energy infrastructure in the Yangtze River qualified, and the technology is advanced Delta and actively promoting the development of the
hydrogen energy industry in the Yangtze River Delta. As early as the Tenth Five Year Plan period, a scientific
The alliance’s motivation is to establish mutually research-driven model was formed, and several national
beneficial resource-sharing relationships in the projects were undertaken. The model has shown the
hydrogen energy industry chain. advantages of technology accumulation and R & D
foundations. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan period,
In the Tenth Five Year Plan period, Shanghai formed a demonstrative application model,
a scientific research-driven model built infrastructure such as hydrogen refueling stations,
was formed, and several national and accumulated rich experience in the demonstration
projects were undertaken. operation of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. During the 13th
five year plan, Shanghai’s hydrogen energy development
In March 2021, the Shanghai hydrogen energy route was clearer, and the fuel cell vehicle industry was
industry development professional committee, which focused.
aims to combine resources from all sectors of society to Within the efficient production process, the "Surpass
promote technological progress, commercialization, No. 1" hydrogen fuel cell vehicle and “SAIC Roewe 950”
and large-scale development of the hydrogen energy hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle were manufactured
industry, was officially established. The committee in 2003 and 2015, respectively. SAIC started the mass
focuses on the goal of "100 stations, 100 billion yuan production of the FCV80 in 2017, which is the first fuel
(in production scale), 10000 vehicles" to develop the cell light passenger vehicle in the world, representing
fuel cell vehicle industry in Shanghai and promotes the cutting-edge technology of China's automobile
a scientific and rational approach. The committee industry, with a total sales volume of 400 vehicles. In
actively participates in the formulation of standards, 2018, six fuel cell buses manufactured by SAIC Shenwo
promotes the commercialization of various technical had been in operation for 100000 km and initially
products, and actively guides the development achieved commercialization. The Roewe 950FCV fuel
strategy of the hydrogen energy industry. The cell car is the first fuel cell passenger car with sales and
committee covers the fields and enterprises related to licensing in China.
the hydrogen energy industry's production, storage, Initially forming three industrial clusters and and transportation, fuel cell vehicles, and system completing the industrial chain supporting applications. The first initiative had 66
enterprises as member units. After years of operation, the development of
hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in Shanghai formed three Development of the Industry industrial clusters: the R & D of hydrogen fuel cell
After nearly 20 years of effort, a relatively vehicles with Jiading at the center, the manufacturing of
complete hydrogen energy industry chain has hydrogen fuel cell vehicles with Lingang at the center,
been formed, and the agglomeration effect of and the hydrogen energy supply with Jinshan Chemical
the hydrogen energy industry in Shanghai has Zone at the center. These clusters form a relatively
appeared. The development characteristics of the complete enterprise covering the whole industrial chain
of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. At present: 9 hydrogen refueling stations have been built in Shanghai; 23 hydrogen fuel cell industry chains have been formed; 21 hydrogen production industrial centers have been built; 18 hydrogen refueling station industrial centers have been made; 11 hydrogen fuel cell system industrial centers have been established.
Effects of the exemplary initiative
With the support of the international organization aoshan Iron & Steel Co, a core enterprise of Shanghai-based
GFF/UNDP, the Ministry of Finance, and the Ministry China Baowu Steel Group Corp, has made great efforts to turn
of Science and Technology, Beijing and Shanghai jointly its Baoshan base into a model of low-carbon development.
(Liu Ming / China Daily) implemented the project "Promoting the commercial development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in China". Promoting the construction of a "hydrogen
As one of the main exemplary cities, Shanghai used high-speed network" in the Yangtze River
the international demonstration platforms of electric Delta
vehicles to carry out the demonstration operations
of 86 fuel cell buses, fuel cell passenger vehicles, and In 2017, Shanghai established an investment,
fuel cell commuter vehicles, including 6 fuel cell city construction, and operation platform for hydrogen
buses purchased with GEF funds. So far, many sales energy infrastructure to build a "Hydrogenation
in Shanghai have occurred. A total of 1500 hydrogen station corridor around Shanghai" within three to five
fuel cell vehicles have been demonstrated and years. This platform was established by the investments
operated, including 1445 fuel cell vehicles connected of Shanghai Shunhua New Energy System Co. Ltd.,
to the Shanghai New Energy Vehicle Data Acquisition, Linde Gas (Hong Kong) Co. Ltd., Shanghai Yidong
Monitoring and Research Center platform. Fuel cell Automobile Service Co. Ltd., and Shanghai Jianwan
buses and passenger vehicles have started to operate Investment Co. Ltd. In April 2018, the "Yangtze
in succession. The demonstration operation of postal River Delta hydrogen corridor construction and
vehicles and van logistics vehicles has nearly 20 million development plan" was officially launched in Jiading,
km of total operating mileage. Shanghai, and the construction of a "hydrogen high-
speed network" with Shanghai, Suzhou, Nantong,
Speeding up the construction of hydrogen Rugao and Yancheng as the centers was put on the
refueling stations agenda.
Shanghai Anting hydrogen refueling station began The practice of the industry
operation in July 2009. It is the first hydrogen refueling Using the industrial advantages
station in Shanghai. Shanghai has built 9 hydrogenation
stations, 5 in Jiading District, 3 in Fengxian District, Thanks to the existing initiative advantages of the
and 1 in Baoshan District. In 2020, stations served fuel Shanghai hydrogen fuel cell industry in enterprise
cell vehicles 55000 times, with 300,000 kg of hydrogen. projects and R & D, the commercial promotions of the
By 2025, 78 hydrogen refueling stations are planned. In industry are improving. Shanghai has preliminarily
addition to the completed stations, 69 more will be built. possessed relatively complete industrial elements
such as hydrogen energy, hydrogen fuel cell, fuel cell research with enterprises in molten carbonate fuel cells,
vehicles, and infrastructure. proton-exchange membrane fuel cells, and solid oxide
1) Enterprise advantages fuel cell systems.
Many powerful enterprises related to the hydrogen
energy fuel cell industry chain have emerged in Shanghai, Improving the supporting policies
providing important resources and good conditions for The recent focus is on introduction projects, enterprise developing the hydrogen energy and fuel cell industry. cultivation, and scientific and technological innovation of the hydrogen energy industry. It is planned to further improve various supporting policies in terms of financial Shanghai also pays great attention support and industrial support and introduce relevant to exploring other application support measures, including the whole link from fields of hydrogen energy. enterprise registration to project implementation and later development to cover the whole industrial chain of 2) Project advantages fuel cell vehicles. On February 12, 2018, Shanghai's first hydrogen 1) Enlarging the agglomeration of the industry energy and fuel cell industrial park was unveiled in New large-scale domestic and foreign-funded the "Huantongji Chuangzhi City" located in Anting, projects will be rewarded. Jiading. According to the plan, the output value of the 2) Optimal financial support industrial park will strive to exceed 10 billion yuan by The optimal financial support policies are very 2025. Shanghai Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Powertrain important to developing the hydrogen energy industry Co., Ltd. and other energy research institutions and and guiding the development foundation for hydrogen related enterprises have signed contracts to settle in the fuel cell vehicles. park. 12 enterprises have signed strategic cooperation 3) Expanding the scope of the support agreements as well. In developing the hydrogen energy industry, we 3) R&D advantages should further expand the scope of support. For We’re taking advantage of the scientific research example, subsidies can be obtained to construct technology and professional talents of Shanghai hydrogen refueling stations to speed up the construction universities to carry out the combination of production, of hydrogen energy infrastructure. learning, and research to form a joint force to promote 4) Covering the industrial fields the development of the hydrogen energy industry and The first batch of advanced oil and hydrogen joint accelerate technological progress. The new energy construction station plans and other projects in the vehicle engineering center of Tongji University (hereafter Yangtze River Delta have been signed, covering six fields, referred to as the center), which is the national fuel cell including the vehicle and parts industry, an industryand power system engineering technology research university research platform, demonstration operations, center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, and data acquisition. undertakes the work of the Liaison Office on the
international hydrogen energy economy and fuel cell Expansion of application field
partnership programs. The fuel cell research institute
of Shanghai Jiaotong University is the first professional In addition to focusing on hydrogen fuel cell vehicles,
fuel cell research institution established by colleges and Shanghai also pays great attention to exploring other
universities in China. It has successfully carried out application fields of hydrogen energy.
1) Popularization of standby power supply with hydrogen fuel cell According to statistics, among about 12000 base stations in Shanghai, more than 100 base stations have adopted hydrogen fuel cells as backup power supply. 2) Hydrogen fuel cell distributed generation Besides their studies and exploration, relevant enterprises and institutions have also carried out demonstration projects. For example, Shanghai Shunhua New Energy System Co., Ltd. and Tongji
University have built a hydrogen fuel cell to provide A hydrogen racing car displayed at the 4th China International
Import Expo (CIIE) in Shanghai. (Meng Tao / Xinhua, 2021Meng Tao / Xinhua (2021). The source article does not provide a separate full bibliographic entry for this citation.) part of the power and heat (cooling) capacity for the building of the Automotive Faculty of Tongji Application of technology enters a new period University.
Relevant enterprises and scientific research Shanghai attaches great importance to the
institutes in Shanghai are actively doing research. leading role of scientific, technological innovation in
There are studies about applying portable fuel cells developing the hydrogen energy industry. Shanghai
in ocean freight shipping, urban rail transportation, actively promotes the construction of new R & D
mobile phones, and laptops. As for the development institutions, strengthens public relations in key areas,
of hydrogen energy storage methods, relevant introduces high-level innovative talents and teams in
scientific research institutes are carrying out feasibility hydrogen energy, and cooperates with universities and
exploration considering the characteristics of enterprises. These efforts have injected vitality into the
Shanghai's energy supply development. industrialization of hydrogen energy development and
utilization.
Practical characteristics of the hydrogen At present, the fuel cell lifetime of passenger
energy industry in Shanghai cars has exceeded 5000 hours, and the lifetime of
commercial vehicles has exceeded 10000 hours, which Market development enters the industrial
period meets standard vehicle operating conditions. The
engine power density of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles has
After more than ten years of effort, Shanghai reached the level of the traditional internal combustion
has mastered fuel cell stack technology and its key engine, the power of electric stacks has reached 3.0
components, core technologies (such as power generating kW/l (kilowatt per litre), and the power covers 30
systems), and vehicle integration. Various demonstration ~ 150 kW. Many performance indexes are close to
projects of hydrogen energy development and utilization the international advanced level. Based on 70 MPa
have also gained preliminary experience and have hydrogen storage and hydrogenation technology, the
formed a relatively complete market industrial system, driving range of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles has reached
including evaluation and certification institutions, 750 km. The starting temperature of hydrogen fuel
demonstration operators, and hydrogen energy cells has reached - 30 C. The overall application range
infrastructure construction enterprises. The whole of vehicles has reached the level of traditional vehicles,
market development of hydrogen energy development and the key technology has entered the upgrading
and utilization has entered the industrial period. period.
Diversity period in investments methods to promote the commercial development of hydrogen
fuel cell vehicles; using "Leasing + TCO + TC" to Energy enterprises, automobile enterprises, and enlarge the service scale and reduce costs; providing scientific research institutions have entered the field complete services for users, promoting commercial of hydrogen energy development and utilization operations; exploring diversified application methods. to create competitiveness in the hydrogen energy Qingpu Industrial Park will demonstrate the industry. They each rely on their capabilities such as operation of hydrogen energy vehicles. By expanding traditional business investment, design, innovation, into diversified application fields, we are exploring and construction capabilities to carry out business new business models, providing a large-scale market extensions and innovation. They cooperate with for the hydrogen energy industry. strategic partners and projects through diversified
investment, obtain the strategic resources required Suggestions for the development of the
for development, accelerate the transformation and hydrogen energy industry in Shanghai
development of enterprises, and realize the integration Development requirements
and optimization of funds, resources and business
required to develop the hydrogen energy industry. Considering the overall requirements of Shanghai's
development and the objective of "carbon peak and carbon neutrality", we will adhere to an innovative,
By 2025, Shanghai will build green, open, and shared development concept,
several comprehensive hydrogen establish a scientific outlook on energy development,
energy industrial parks to carry and progress towards the goal of building a green,
out hydrogen energy operations. low-carbon energy supply system. We should make
full use of the existing hydrogen energy resources and
The active participation of private enterprises the industrial foundation in Shanghai. We will arrange
and social funds, especially the state-owned the development of different links in the hydrogen
comprehensive energy group companies, has stabilized energy industry scientifically, strive to build a whole
the development expectation of the hydrogen energy industrial chain cluster, build a high-quality hydrogen
industry, enhanced the confidence in its development, energy industry ecosystem in the Yangtze River Delta,
and strengthened consensus. and make Shanghai a capital of the hydrogen energy
industry with global influence. The business models have entered a period of
innovation Development principles
During the market introduction period of hydrogen 1) Adhering to market orientation and government
energy development, Shanghai has vigorously guided guidance
the construction of hydrogen energy infrastructure Considering the decisive role of the market, we will
and hydrogen energy vehicles to create a good clarify the positioning and development direction, issue
environment for the market-oriented and commercial corresponding support policies, and gradually cultivate
development of the whole industrial chain of hydrogen the hydrogen energy development and utilization market.
energy. Hydrogen energy commercial operations have In this process, we will give roles to the enterprises in
entered a period of innovation. all links of the hydrogen energy industry and form
The methods include; using the "UNDP" project a hydrogen energy market dominated by market
development and guided by government policies. 2) Adhering to overall planning and orderly development We should coordinate the resources of the hydrogen energy industry, clarify the main areas of hydrogen energy industry development, optimize the planning and layout of industrial clusters, and manage the development holistically. 3) Adhering to innovation-driven cooperation and opening-up While establishing and improving the innovation system of the hydrogen energy industry, we will promote
collaborative research platforms, strengthen cooperation A technician works at the fuel cell test area at the hydrogen
energy technology center of Great Wall Motor (GWM). and exchange, and stimulate the innovation vitality of
different fields within the industry. 1) Breakthrough in hydrogen energy industry technology
4) Adhering to the law and adjusting measures to local By 2025, many national innovative R & D platforms
conditions for the hydrogen energy industry will be formed. The
We should attach importance to the objective law technical level of all links in the hydrogen energy industry,
of the development of the hydrogen energy industry, especially fuel cell vehicles, will reach international
formulate development goals at different stages, consider standards. By 2030, some gaps in cutting-edge technologies
both the development phase and the basic conditions in the hydrogen energy industry are planned to be filled.
of development, and guide the continuous healthy The hydrogen energy technology application, power
industrial development. generation, energy storage, and energy supply distribution
in aerospace and other fields will be expanded. Development goals 2) Forming the development foundation of the hydrogen
The development of the hydrogen energy industry in energy industry
Shanghai implements the "two-step" strategy. The first step By 2025, several hydrogen energy industrial policies,
is to complete the layout of the hydrogen energy industry industrial norms, and standards will be formulated. The
chain by 2025. This step includes forming a regional industrial policy system will be formed and improved, and
industrial cluster covering the hydrogen energy industry the industrial supervision methods will be established.
chain, making breakthroughs in key core technologies, The standard system for all links of the hydrogen energy
reaching an international standard, building a reliable industry will be constitutively enhanced and covered. By
hydrogen energy industry infrastructure and application 2030, Shanghai will improve the hydrogen energy industry
network in key development areas, and forming an output policies, industry standards, and regulatory system and
value of 100 billion yuan. The second step is to develop the complete the development system of the hydrogen energy
hydrogen energy industry into a major energy industry in industry.
Shanghai by 2030. The industrial chain cluster will influence 3) Remarkable achievements have been made in the
all industrial chain links and the key core technologies. We cultivation of hydrogen energy enterprises
plan to establish a complete infrastructure network for the By 2025, Shanghai will build several comprehensive
hydrogen energy industry in the whole city, expand the hydrogen energy industrial parks to carry out hydrogen
scope of application, and radiate the Yangtze River Delta energy operations, introduce and establish enterprises,
hydrogen energy development model. and provide sources for storage, transportation, and
manufacturing of key equipment such as fuel cells and industry in Shanghai. However, with the development
other industrial chain applications. By 2030, many of the hydrogen energy industry, hydrogen demand
influential hydrogen energy industry enterprises in has increased greatly. Therefore, it is necessary to
China and abroad will be cultivated in all hydrogen promote construction of hydrogen production market
energy industry chain links. systems and hydrogen energy systems. In the near
future, hydrogen, the main industrial by-product, will be used as the main resource of hydrogen energy
By 2025, a complete network production. Carbon-free production will be realized in
of hydrogen refueling stations later development by relying on clean and renewable
and supporting facilities will be energies. We can first pilot the manufacturing of green
established in Shanghai. hydrogen from renewable resources such as waste heat
(cooling) and wind in the demonstration projects and pilot the comprehensive utilization of Yangshan LNG
4) The market of the hydrogen energy industry continues cold energy in Lingang to expand the manufacturing
to expand capacity of green hydrogen in Shanghai. This can form
By 2025, a complete network of hydrogen refueling green and clean development in the whole life cycle,
stations and supporting facilities will be established in from "ash and hydrogen" to "blue hydrogen", and finally
Shanghai. There will be mass launches of regional public to "green hydrogen".
transport vehicles, official vehicles, commercial logistics, Storage and transportation and other fields, contributing to the exploration,
industrialization, and commercialization of hydrogen It is necessary to increase the research on liquid
energy, hydrogen standby power supply systems, hydrogen materials and improve the localization level
and hydrogen power generation. By 2030, Shanghai of gas storage and cylinders, liquid hydrogen cones,
will become a fuel cell vehicle application city with and other equipment. We should continuously improve
international influence. Its overall technology will be the efficiency and safety of hydrogen storage and
synchronized with international standards, and some transportation and promote a formation of a complete
technologies will be ahead of the international standards. hydrogen storage and transportation standard. We
The field of hydrogen energy will be expanded to the should encourage research on solid hydrogen storage
civil consumption market, and the hydrogenation and hydrogen gas pipeline transportation. In the near
distributed energy system will be popularized and future, the container and long tube trailer will still be
applied. It is planned to diversify the application of the the main method of storage and transportation. In later
national hydrogen energy industry, radiate the Yangtze development, a transportation network based on liquid
River Delta model to the whole country, and guide the stations, solid-state storage/transportation, and pipeline
transformation of energy in the future. hydrogen transportation will be gradually formed
to reduce costs, expand applications, and improve Specific measures for the development of efficiency. the hydrogen energy industry
Institutions Hydrogenation stations
At present, industrial by-product hydrogen is the We will clarify the competent departments of
main resource for developing the hydrogen energy hydrogen refueling stations and related infrastructure,
The commissioning ceremony of the New Hydrogen Technology Park (SHPT). (Information Office of Jiading District, 2021Information Office of Jiading District (2021). The source article does not provide a separate full bibliographic entry for this citation.)
and strengthen planning management. We will take Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles
demand as a guide, integrate resources, allocate We will focus on developing hydrogen passenger
reasonably, pay attention to the market-oriented cars, logistic trucks, official vehicles, urban sanitation
expansion of the hydrogen infrastructure network, vehicles, and other specific vehicles. Later, we will
and improve the strength and accuracy of financial focus on the development of ordinary passenger
support. We should accelerate the construction and vehicles and the utilization of hydrogen fuel cells in
popularization of hydrogen refueling stations and rail transits, shipping vehicles, aerospace, and other
reduce their construction and operation costs. In fields. We will support the fuel cell vehicles in terms of
the forthcoming period, we should accelerate the policies such as right of way and reduced license costs
construction of hydrogenation infrastructure, take the to popularize the usage of fuel cell vehicles.
formation of a hydrogenation network in the Yangtze Expanding the field of hydrogen energy
River Delta as a goal, and apply it to the needs of the development and utilization
development of the hydrogen energy industry in The emerging industrial changes that can Shanghai. respond to Shanghai’s development are as follows:
Hydrogen fuel cell scientific development of the energy industry,
efficient energy utilization, the transformation of
The power density of domestic key components, energy structure, adjustments in industrial structure,
such as membranes and fuel cells, is continuously energy conservation and emission reduction, and
improving. In later development, we will integrate improvement of modern energy supply systems. In
the production and R & D forces of fuel cells, later development, Shanghai will make full use of the
cultivate enterprises that integrate production, and advantages and characteristics of hydrogen energy and
accelerate technological progress. We will consolidate continuously expand the application fields of hydrogen
the foundation of Shanghai's independent core energy. We will enhance the peak shaving capacity of
technology of fuel cells, support development, and urban energy supplies, improve the quality and safety
maintain Shanghai's leading position in the fuel cell of urban energy supplies, and integrate them into the
industry. energy supply system of the whole city.
